Calculating-machine.



J. GRABER. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED mm: 30. 1910.

972,360. Patented Oct. 11,1910.

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J. GRABER. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 30, 1910.

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J. GRABE-R. G ALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 30. 1910.

Patented Oct. 11, 1910.

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CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION IILED JUNE 30, 1910.

9'??},360, Patented Oct. 11, 1910.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFTGE;

JULIUS GRABER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE GRABER CALCUL MACHINECOMPANY, E NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters :Patent.

Patented Oct. 11-, 1914).

Application filed June 3Q- 1910. berial No. 569,652.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Jones GRABER, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York eity, county and State of New York, have invented anew and Improved Caleulilting-Machine, of whichv the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to a calculating machine of novel construction,which is adapted to automatically perform addition, subtraction,multiplication, or division.

The machine is reliable in operation, may be readily manipulated, iscompact, and composed of a minimum number of parts.

In the accompanying drawing: Figure 1 is a plan partly broken away of myiniproved calculating machine, Fig. 2 an en- .larged plan, partly insection, of the right hand portion thereof, Fig. 3 a cross section online 3 3, Fig. 1, showing the casing in position. Fig. 4 a bottom viewof the setting plate with some of the parts omitted, Fig. 5 a detail ofthe barrel and cooperating parts, Fig. (3 a detail of the shippinglever, Fig. 7 an enlarged section on line 77, Fig. 6 showing the pintlebefore being locked, Fig. 8 a similar section showing the pintle locked,Figs. 9 and 10 are perspective views of the barrel, Fig. 11 is aperspective view of the feed sector and adjoining parts, Fig. 12 alongitudinal section through the feed sector and barrel, 13 and 1.4 areperspective views of the nunibered slide, Fig. 15 is a detail of one ofthe brackets, Fig. 1.6 a detail of the. crank. and Fig. 17 :1 crosssection on line 1717, Fig. 2.

My improved calculating machine comprises essentially a stationarycasing 18 that contains the setting and operating mechanism, and alongitudinally movable carriage 1!) embodying the counting andregistering mechanism.

The operating mechanism has as main elements, a series of toothedsectors 20 each provided witlrnine teeth 21 that gradually decrease inlength. Sectors 20 are firmly secured to, preferably squared transverseparallel shafts 22 engaging suitable perforations in the walls 2 24 ofcasing 20. Central wall 24 is made integral with fo'wardly extendingcross arms to which front wall 23 is secured by screws 26 or otherwise.Shafts 22- are adapted to be simultaneously rotated in the samedirection by means of a crank 27 secured to a vertical axle 28,turningin bearings 29. At'i'ts upper end, axle 28 is partly flattened tobe engaged by a corresponding'bore 30 of handle 27 as illustrated inFig. 16, so as to insure of positive rotation of axle 28. The lattercarries a miter wheel 31 which engages a similar wheel 32 keyed to alongitudinal shaft The latter carries. a series of relatively fixedspaced miter wheels 3.4. meshing into wheels 35, which are integral withsectors 20. In order to prevent handle 27 from being turned in the wrongdirection, axle 28 is provided with a notched disk 36 which is engagedby the bulged head 37 of a spring-iniiuenced detent 38 pivoted at- 39 tothe setting plate 40 of casing 18; This plate is by screws 4O secured tothe upper arms 25, connecting walls 23, 24. Axle 28 may thus be readilyturned in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 4) while movement in theopposite direction is prevented. It will be seen that by imparting tohandle 27 one complete rotation in the proper direction, all sectors 20will also make one complete rotation.

This movement of sectors 20 is utilized for rotating a series ofcounting shafts 41 through a greater or less angle, one shaft 41 beingprovided for each sector 20. Shafts 41 are preferably squared and arefitted into corresponding perforations of front wall 23 and of a rearwall 42 haiing forwardly extending flanges 43 which are secured to walls24 by screws 44. Upon each shaft 41 is slidably mounted a pinion 45having ten teeth and provided with a grooved collar 46. By properlysetting these pinions upon shafts 41, a rotation of handle 27 willimpart to said shaft-s a rotation through an angle that corresponds tothe number of teeth 21 coming into engagement with pinions 45. Thus forinstance, if a pinion 45 is advanced to' be engaged by two teeth 21. itwill perform two tenths of a revolution upon one complete rotation ofhandle 27. These partial rotations of shafts 41 are registered by acounting device hereinafter more fully described. v

The means for setting pinions 45 are as follows: Above each shaft 4-1 isarranged a slide 47 playing in a suitable guide way which isformedbetween rails or bosses 4S integral with and depending from plate40. Each slide 47 has a downwardly extending arm 49 that engages thegrooved collar 46 of one of the pinions 45. At its upper side,

ATING A embracing the numbers 0 to 9.

slide 47 has a knob 50 extending through corresponding slot of plate 40and provided with a flange 51 that prevents adisengagement of said slidefrom plate 10. F langev 51 has a pointer 52 which plays along ascale Atits upper face, slide 17 carries the numbers '0 to 9 which are adaptedto travel below a window 53 formed in plate 40. The correlation of theparts is such that when any one of the slides 47 is set to one of thenumbers of its scale A, the like number on the slide will be displayedthrough window 53 below said scale, so that in this way the properposition of the slide may be checked. In order to temporarily locktheslides 47 in any position to which they have been set, each slide isprovided at its bottom with ten notches 54 the distance between whichequals that between the numbers of scale Notches 54 are adapted to beengaged by a resilient detent 55 secured to plate 10 as at 56, andholding the slide against accidental movement.

After the desired computation has been made in manner hereinafterdescribed, all slides may be simultaneously returned to theirZero-position in the following manner: In addition to notches 54, eachslide 47 is provided at its lower side with a countersunk' rack 57 whichis engaged by a pinion 58. Pinions 58 are loosely mounted on alongitudinal shaft 59 hung in suitable bearings (30 of plate 40, anaxial displacement of pinions '58 beingprevented by their engagementwith countersunk rack 57. Each pinion 58 is provided with a laterallyextending pin (31 arranged in the path of a pin 62 projecting radiallyfrom shaft 59. The latter is provided atone end with a beveled gearwheel (53 meshing into a toothed sector 64 formed on one arm of a bellcrank lever 65 pivoted at 66. The other arm of the lever carries afinger piece 67 projecting upward through a curved slot 68 ofplate 40.

A spring-(59 secured to lever (35 tends to re turn finger piece 67 toits normal position.

Each counting shaft ll is operatively connected in manner hereinafterdescribed to a rotary dial 70 carrying the numeralsO to 9. Dials 70 aremounted in carriage-19 and have their uppermost numbers displayedthrough windows 71 of said carriage. The operative connection betweenshafts 11 and their dials 70 is such that the latter may be turnedeither to the left in case the machine is used for the purpose ofaddition and multiplication, or to the right for subtracting anddividing purposes. Means are further provided for advancing any one dialfor the distance ofone number-when the preceding dial has coinpleted onerevolution, thus carrying or transferring a unit or ten or hun-' dred asthe case'may be, to the dial situated at the immediate left of the dialin question. The correlation between the parts should-be such that whenany one dial, while performing an addition or multiplication passes from9 to 0, ,it will aummatically cause the dial to the left thereof toregister the ten, hundred, thousand etc. which must be transferred. Inlike manner, any one dial, while performing a: subtraction ordivision-and passing from 0 to 9, should automatically cause the dial tothe left thereof to register the ten, hundred, thousand etc.

which must be borrowed.

The means for transmitting motion from shafts 4-1 to dials 70 are asfollows: Be-

tween walls 2 1, #12 of casing 18, there is slidably mounted upon eachshaft -11 a sleeve '73 having a squared bore so as to vparticipate '83with a lever Sat. The latter is fast on a longitudinal rock shaft 85mounted in suitable bearings of casing 18 and arranged below bar 79. Toshaft 85 are rigidly secured a pair of fingers 86 that engagecorresponding apertures of bar 79. It will thus be seen that in theposition illustrated in Fig. 3, all of the Wheels 75 are in engagementwith wheels 76 so that when crank 27 is turned to the right, dials 70will also be turned to the right. If lever 81 is swung backward, wheels74 will be brought into engagement with wheels 6 so that upon therotation of crank 27 to the right, dials 70 will be turned to the left.In order to maintain lever 81 in its end positions, it is provided witha pin 87 which is engaged by a bulged spring 88 secured to casing 18(Fig. Spindles 77 of dials 70 are mounted in suitable perforations ofthe carriage top plate and of a longitudinal bar 89 fastened to' theCarriage at a distance below said top plate. In order to prevent anaccidental displacement of the dials and to insure a proper centering ofthe dial numerals below windows 71- of carriage 19, each dial 70 isscalloped as at' 90 to be engaged by a retaining spring 91 It may herebe stated, that'fon the purposes of addition and subtraction, carriage19 might be dispensed with, and that the spindles'77 carrying wheels 76and dials 7O could be mounted in casing 18. For multiplication anddivision, l10\VeV6l,jWl1e8lS 76 must successively be brought intooperative engagement with different wheels 74 or 75 as will behereinafter more fully described. In order to permit this displacementof carriage 19, the latter is provided along and besvaseo low its rearedge with a cylindrical rod 92 clamped to suitable bearings 93 of saidcarriage by screws 94. Rod 92 is rotatably and slidably mounted in apair of bearings 95, secured to wall 24 of casing 18 by screws 90. Forexpediting the assemblage of-the parts, wall 24 is provided for eachbearing 95 with a pair of integral bosses 97 which are adapted to bereceived within corresponding recesses 98 of the bearings, asillustrated in Figs. 3 and 15. It will be seen from Fig. 1',

that the number of dials 70 provided in carriage 19 exceeds considerablythe number of Sectors 22. This is due to the fact that in multiplyingthe multiplicand and multiplier appear successively on casing 18 whilethe product appears on carriage 19, and that the digit number of theproduct naturally exposition of hand lever 81. set for addition, thenumeral 4 will apceeds the digit number of multiplicand and multiplier.If a transfer of the carriage is necessary, the latter is slightlyswung, up, until beveled wheels 76 clear wheels. 74 or 75, whereupon itis longitudinally shifted to the position desired. The carriage is thusagain lowered so that. all wheels 76 will come into engagement withanother set of wheels 74 or 7 In order to readily ascertain the positionfor a proper engagement between the wheels and to lock the carriage inposition, wall 24 is provided with a series of upper notches 99 whichare adapted to be engaged by a lug 100 depending from carriage 19 (Figs.2 and 3).

As thus far described, it will be seen that if pointers 52 are set toany numbers of scale A, these numbers will appear below thecorresponding windows 71 of carriage 15) by the direction of the arrow(Fig. 1, the crank occupying normally the position marked X).

This is due to the fact that" by setting any one pointer 52 to a numbersay 4, pinion 45 will be taken along by arm 49 to be brought oppositethat section of sector 20 which has four alined teeth 21. Through thesubsequent rotation of crank 27, the pinion 45 will be advanced for fourteeth, which movement will be transmitted to dial 70. The latter willthus be turned for four numerals, the direction of rotation dependingupon the If the latteris pear below window 71, while if set forsubtraction, the numeral 6 will be displayed below said window.

In order to lock dials iu'position while they are inoperative, shafts 41are provided with toothed wheels 101 having ten teeth which are engagedby retaining-springs 102. In addition thereto each shaft carries a sealloped disk 103 made integral with wheel 101. The several concave teethof disk 103 are adapted to be engaged .by the solid section tens,hundreds, thousands, etc., during the calculating operation, are asfollows: Let it beassumed that to the number 4 registered as described,the number 7 should be added. The 4 displayed below window 71 had thusto be changed to a 1 while below the window to the left the number 1will appear, to display jointly the result 11. To this effect the hubs105 of barrels 104 are slidably mounted on shafts 22 and are providedwith squared bores 100 to be taken along by the shafts during therotationthereof. Each hub.105 is provided with a circumferential groove.107 which is permanently engaged by the lower arm of a shippinglver108.This lever is provided with a transverse pintle 109 constituting itsfulcrum and received within a corresponding groove 110 of a divided boss111 formed on wall 24. To prevent av disengagement of pintles 109, theedges of grooves 110 are slightly upset at 112 after the insertion ofthe pintles, as illustrated in Fig. 8. upper arms of levers 108 engagetriggers 113 pivoted to lugs 114 of Wall 24. The heads 115 of triggers113 are arranged in the paths of tappets 110 secured to the spindles 77of dials 70. Barrels 104 carry fingers 117 which are adapted to engagewheels 101 but are normally out of alinement therewith. At their rearends, hubs'105 are provided with helical cam. surfaces-118 adapted toengage corresponding abutments 119 made integral with wall 24.

I prefer to make barrels 104 and fingers 117 of steel cast into the hubs105, the latter being preferably made of composition metal (Figs. 9, 10and 12).

Normally the parts occupy the position illustrated in Fig. 2. If one ofthe dials 70 completes one revolution, its tappet 116 cugages trigger113, whereby tilting thesame together with the upper arm of lever 108toward wall 24. Thelower arm of this lever Will't-llllS shift the barrel104 located to the immediate left of the dial 70 in question backward tobring its finger 117 into the path of-the coiipcrating wheel 101. Duringthe last half of the rotation of crank 27.

wheel 101 will thus be advanced for one tooth, to cause a correspondingadvance of its coiiperating dial 70 for one numeral, as

will be readily understood. As soon as this The i 'ures of the firstnumber to be added are markedby pointers 52 whereupon crank 27 is givena full turn. The figures indiwindows 71, whereupon finger piece 67 ismoved toward the left to return all pointers to their zero-position. Thefigr'ues of the second number are now-marked by pointers 'cated bypointers 52 will thus appear .below 52, whereupon the operations arerepeated.

The sums of the stveral numbers added will appear below Windows 71, thecarrying or tion, the remainder thus appearing ,below Windows 71.Multiplication is reduced to a series of additions, while division isreduced to a series of subtractions. In multiplying by a multipliercontaining but one gure, the multiplicand' is marked by pointers 52,,whereupon crank 27 is rotated as often as corresponds to the figure ofthe mul- 3 tiplier. Thus if the multiplicand is to be multiplied by 6,crank '27 receives six successive turns. If the multi lier contains twoor more digits, the crank2 is first turned as often as indicated by thefigure of the units,

whereupon carriage 19 is slightly lifted and shifted to the right untillug 100 enters the next notch 99. Crank 27 now receives such a number ofturns as corresponds to the figure of the tenths. .This manipulation ofcarriage 19 and crank 27 is repeated until the figures of the multiplierare exhausted, the final product appearing'below windows 71. Individing, the dividend is marked by pointers 52 and crank 27 is turnedto transfer the figures of the dividend to carriage 19, whereupon lever81 is swung forward. The divisor is now set up by pointers 5 2, andcarriage 19 is so shifted, that the divisor'is properly. located belowthe dividend to start the division. The divisor is now subtracted fromthe dividend as often as it is contained therein by correspondingly ro-.ating crank 27. Carriage 19 is then slightly lifted and shifted to theleft until 1ug; 100 enters the next notch 99. Crank 27 is 'n'ow againrotated as often as the divisor is contained within the dividend, thesemanipulations being repeated until the division is completed. "Means,are provided which audibly announce if the right number of subtractionsis over-passed, to permit of correction, such means however beingomittedin the drawings as they do not form part of the present invexition.

The-numbers of the successive revolutions performed by crank 27 andconstitutingthe digits of the divisor are visibly registered in thefollowing manner: Below each. window 71 and staggering therewith, thereare provided in carriage 19a series of windows 123 adapted to displayone'of the numbers ()9 of auxiliary dials 124.- Each dial 124 is securedtoa spindle'125 and is serrated at its periphery. as at'126. Dials 125are adapted-to engage a toothed wheel 127 mounted on a transverse shaft128 of casing 18. Shaft 128 carries a pinion-129 meshing into asimilar'wheel 130 fast on a shaft 131, said shaft also carrying a fixedgear wheel 132 engaged by a retaining spring 133 and e ualing in allrespects wheel 127. Wheels 12 7, 132 are adapted to-be alternatelyengaged by a tappet 134 slidabl-y mounted on the right hand end shaft22, which is for this purpose prolon'ged as illustrated in Fig. 2. Thehub of tappet 134 is provided with a circumferential groove 135 which isengaged by an arm 136 secured to shipping bar 79. Then the machine isset for multiplication, tappet- 134 engages gear wheel 127 once duringeach rotation of crank 27, to advance the dial 124 engaged by wheel 127for one numeral, and thus register the number of multiplications. henthe machine 'isfset for division, tappet 134 engages wheel 132 onceduring each rotation of crank 27 to turn dial 124. in the oppositedirection and thus register the number of divisions.

Means are further provided for subdividing or separating the digits ofthe number exposed through windows 71 and 123. For this purpose,carriage19 is provided along its rear-edge with a dovetailed groove 137in which is slidably mounted a finger 138 having knob 139. In front ofwindows 123 there is secured to carriage 19 by pins 140 a spaced-rail141 which is straddled by a U-shaped-frame 142 of a finger 143 havingknob 144.

I Means are further provided for simultaneously returning dials 70 totheir zeropositions. For this purpose a knob or pin 145 is providedwhich projects upwardly from a shipping bar 146 through a slot 147 ofcarriage 19. This bar is in operative engagement with cams 148 securedto spindles 77. In like manner, spindles 125 of dials 124 carry cams 149which are engaged by a shipping bar 150. The latter is provided with apin or knob 151 extending upwardly through a slot 152 of carriage 119.By properly manipulatingknobs 145 and 151, dials 70 and 124 may bereturned to their zero-position whenever desired.

In order to permit a convenient reading of the numbers, casing 18 is somounted upon a trian ular frame 153 thatthe easing has a slight forwarddip as illustrated in Fig. 3. The machine has a" hinged curved cover 154adapted to engage an" eye 155 projecting'forwardly from frame 153. Thespace in' front erases support for"? taking notes and similar purposes.v I It will be seen that the above described calculating machine issimple in construction and that the number of parts that go to make itup is greatly reduced.

The machine may be readily manipulated and is absolutely reliable inoperation.

I claim:

1. In a calculating machine, a slotted setting plate, a numbered slideengaging the same, a countersunk rack formedf in the slide, a pinionengaging the rack, and means for detaining the slide.

2. In a calculating machine, a slotted set ting plate having downwardlyextending integral rails, numbered slides reciprocally mounted betweensaid rails, countersunk acks formed in the slides, pinions engaging theracks, and means for detaining the slides.

3. In a calculating machine, a slotted setting plate, a plurality ofnumbered slides engaging the same and having countersunk racks, a shaftextending across all of said slides, pinions on said shaft that engagethe racks, means for operating the shaft, and means for detaining theslides.

'4. In a calculating machine, a slotted setting'plate, a plurality ofnotched slides engaging the same and having countersunk racks, a shaftextending across all of said slides, pinions on said shaft that engagethe racks, means for operating the shaft, and detents engaging theslide-notches.

5. In a calculating machine, a slotted setting plate, a plurality ofnotched slides engaging the same and having countersunk racks,.a shaftextending across all of said slides, pinions 011 saidshaftthat engagethe racks, a beveled gear Wheel at one end of the shaft, aspring-influenced toothed sector engaging said gear Wheel, a crank foroperating the toothed sector, and detents engaging the slide-notches.

6. In a calculating machine, a slotted setting plate, a plurality ofnotched slides engaging the same and having countersunk racks, a shaftextending across all of said slides, first pinions on said shaft thatengage the. racks, means for operating the shaft, arms dependingfrom theslides, and second pinions having grooved. collarsthat are engaged bythe arms.

7 the hub-groove.

7. In a calculating machine, a counting shaft, a scalloped disk and aiiintegral pinion fast on said shaft, a mutilated barrel adapted to engagethe disk, and a finger adapted to engage the pinion.

8. In a calculating machine, a counting shaft, a scalloped disk and anintegral pinion fast on said shaft, a mutilated barrel adapted to engagethe disk, finger adapted to engage the pinion, and a retaining springengaging the pinion. i

9. In a calculating machine, a squared shaft, a grooved cast metal hubslidably engaging the shaft, a mutilated barrel and a finger cast intothe hub, a scalloped Wheel adapted to be engaged by the barrel, and apinion adapted to be engaged by the finger.

10. In a calculating machine, a squared shaft, a toothed sector fastthereon, a grooved cast metal hub slidably engaging the shaft and havinga pair of notches, a mutilated barrel and a finger cast into the hub, ascalloped Wheel adapted to be engaged by the barrel, a pinion adapted tobe engaged bythe finger, and a spring-influenced detent pivoted to thesector and adapted to engage either of the hub-notches.

11. In a calculating machine, a casingcomprising a front wall and acentral Wall, a squared shaft hung therein, a grooved hub slidablyengaging said shaft, :1 shipping lever engaging the liub-grooye, ahelical cam formed on said hub, and a boss integral with the centralWall that is adapted to be en-.

gaged by said cam.

12. In a calculating machine, a casing comprising a front Wall and acentral Wall, a squared shafthung therein, a grooved hub slidablyengaging said shaft, a divided grooved boss integral With the centralWall,

a pintle rotatably seated Within the bossgroove, and a shipping leverfast on the pintle and engaging the hub-groove.

13. In a calculating machine, a casing comprising a front Wall and acentral Wall, a squared shaft hung therein, a grooved hub slidablyengaging said shaft, a divided grooved boss integral with the centralWall, a' pintle rotatably seated Within the bossgroove, means integralWith the boss for locking the pintle to the groove, and a shipping leverfast on the pintle and engaging JULIUS GRABER. Witnesses:

ARTHUR .E. ZUMrn,

FRANK v. BRIESEN.

